Bruises
Caused by a hard impact, a bruise injures the tissue beneath the skin, causing bleeding underneath the skin and resulting in "black and blue" discoloration. To treat a bruise:

- Apply ice compress immediately to relieve the pain and help stop the bleeding. It should be reapplied for not more 20 minutes, every hour if needed, especially during the first 24 hours.
- Elevate bruised legs and feet.
- Urine may become dark a few days after extensive bruising. Drink enough fluids to help your kidneys clear out the blood clots from your system.
- Expect the bruise to change color and position and gradually fade over a period of several days.
- Use a muscle pain reliever for muscle pains.
- Consult with your doctor if swelling persists or worsens.

Burns
1. For deep or extensive burns, put the patient to bed, removing clothing carefully from burned areas. If the clothing adheres to the skin, cut out the adherent portions and remove the rest of the clothing so the patient can be undressed. Do not let the patient become chilled, because of the danger of shock. Send for a physician at once, if one is available. His services may be needed to save life.
2. After the burn, one of the greatest perils is infection. As soon as possible, and continuously until the physician arrives, cover the burned areas with sterile gauze and keep the gauze from sticking to the raw flesh. Never put absorbent cotton next to the skin as a dressing over a burned area. Before preparing and handling any dressing for a burn, be sure your hands are clean.
3. The prevention of burns is obviously an important objective. Since a burn may be fatal, crippling or permanently disfiguring, it is well to give attention to the following advice:
a. If your clothing catches fire, lie down at once and smother the flames by rolling up in a blanket, rug or overcoat, leaving the head uncovered.
b. If another person's clothing catches fire, see that he lies down immediately - forcing him to do it necessary - and help him to smother the flames as directed in the above paragraph.
c. Keep a fire extinguisher handy.
d. Do not allow children to play near tires.
e. Do not hang wet clothes to dry over a hot stove.
f. Do not use inflammable cleaning fluids, especially in a closed room or near a fire.
g. See that cigar or cigarette butts are disposed of safely.
h. Do not try to extinguish an oil or grease fire with water. Use sand, salt or soda to smother it.
i. Take care that open-flame lights or candles have no inflammable drapery or other inflammable materials near them.
j. Do not set a kettle of hot liquid near the edge of a stove, table, or sink where it may fall of or he pulled off easily
k. If tubs of hot water must be set on the floor, keep children away from them.
l. In serving cups of hot beverage, pass them between, not over, those sitting at the table.
m. Keep matches where children cannot get them.
n. Keep the electric cords to percolators, electric irons or other hot appliances away from traffic.


Heat Rash or Prickly Heat
- Cool your body with a shower.
- Use light clothing.
- Avoid creams and ointments that retain heat inside the body.